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You have four options: Personal Desktop:This option performs an installation for personaldesktop or laptop use and installs a graphical interface. If yoursystem already contains a copy of Linux, the default for the PersonalDesktop installation is to remove any existing Linux-related parti- tions and use all the remaining free, unpartitioned disk space. If you choose this default, any existing non-Linux partitions, such asDOS/Windows, remain untouched. After installation, you can boot to Linux and your other existing operating system or systems. Workstation:This option installs the graphical interface (X WindowSystem) and the desktop manager(s) of your choice, much like thePersonal Desktop installation, but also includes tools for softwaredevelopers and system administrators. Server:This option is designed for a basic Linux-based server forfile and print sharing and Web services. You can also enable otherservices and choose to install a graphical environment. When youselect this option, the default disk-partitioning scheme is to removeALLexisting partitions on ALLyour hard drives. This means that allpartitions and operating systems of any type, Linux and others, areremoved, and all drives are erased. Custom:This option enables the most flexibility to retain yourexisting operating systems and configuration options. You canchoose the packages or applications/roles you want to install, thesize of your disk partitions, and how you want the system to boot. I cover the Personal Desktop installation in this book for demonstra- tion purposes, but you may select any of the other options that pertaindirectly to your system. If you choose another option, keep in mind thatthe instructions I include here may vary from your installation experience. 6.Click the Personal Desktop installation option to select it; then clickNext. The Disk Partitioning Setup screen appears, as shown in Figure 3-6. You re given the option to accept an automatic partitioning strategy, or48Part I:Getting Your Feet Wet Dealing with damaged CDs or DVDsIf your CD or DVD appears to have a problem, what you do next depends on where you got theDVD or CDs. If the DVD came with this book, contact Wiley Customer Care at 800-762-2974 toget them replaced. Do not contact Red Hat stechnical support to have the DVD replaced inthis case. On the other hand, if you burned your own CDsor DVD, you may be experiencing one of two dif- ferent problems. Try burning the media again ata slower speed. If these media also fail themedia check, download the images again. Or, they may have been corrupted during the filetransfer, though it s unlikely.
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Figure 3-5: TheInstallationTypescreen. Figure 3-4: TheKeyboardConfigura- tion screen. 47Chapter 3: Installing Fedora Core07_
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Whether you check your media or not, after you re ready to move on, the CD Found image disappears and additional text scrolls across thescreen. The last few lines load the graphic engine, a gray screen with asmall X in the middle appears, and then the Welcome To Fedora Corescreen appears. To the left of the screen is a set of instructions explain- ing how to navigate through this installer. 3.After you ve finished with the material on the Welcome To FedoraCore screen, click Next. The Welcome screen disappears and is replaced by the LanguageSelection screen, as shown in Figure 3-3. Linux supports many differentlanguages. 4.Use the mouse or the .or .keys to select your language and clickNext. The Keyboard Configuration screen appears, as shown in Figure 3-4. Different languages arrange the keys differently on keyboards; you maywant to choose the matching language for your keyboard. (The default isU.S. English.) 5.Choose your keyboard configuration and click Next. The Installation Type screen appears, as shown in Figure 3-5. Figure 3-3: TheLanguageSelectionscreen. 46Part I:Getting Your Feet Wet
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The F2 function key includes options for disabling hardware detection during installation (you must know the details of yourhardware before proceeding); testing the installation media beforeproceeding (good option to use if you downloaded the Fedora Coredistribution from Red Hat s Fedora Project Web site and burnedthe software to CDs or a DVD); enabling rescue mode (this is alsothe function of the F5 key); using a driver disk, CD, or DVD thatisn t included with the Linux installation media; and updating yourexisting Linux installation. The F3 function key allows you to set the video options. If you haveexperienced problems installing Fedora Core 3 with the graphicalinterface, you may want to try a lower resolution. Type linuxlowresat the boot:prompt to use a lower graphic resolution toinstall Linux. The linux lowres nofbcommand allows you toturn off frame buffering, which can cause problems with somevideo cards. The F4 function key, labeled Kernel, enables you to enter parame- ters when you install Linux. For example, some help files will tellyou to do something like turn off autoprobing for your PCI hard- ware bus. Here s where you find out what you need to type. The F5 function key has two different functions, depending onwhether you re using the DVD-ROM inclued with this book or theFedora CD-ROM set. For the DVD-ROM, F5 shows you informationabout the ISO files of other distributions included on the DVD-ROM(see Chapter 4). Those using CD-ROM sets find an explanation ofrescue mode when pressing F5. Rescue mode (see Chapter 5) includes many useful utilities to restore your system to a functionalstate. To start rescue mode, type linux rescueat the boot: prompt and press Enter. 2.If you haven t done so yet and want to do a regular Fedora installationusing a nice point-and-click environment, type linuxand press Enterto start the graphical installation. Many lines of information scroll past as the installer launches. Duringthis time, a miniversion of Linux is loading. If you downloaded the full version of Fedora Core and burned it ontoCDs or a DVD yourself, the CD Found (mediacheck) screen appears. Thisscreen allows you to check the integrity of the media that you re usingto install Linux. If this is the case, I recommend taking the time to per- form this test on all the CDs or the DVD. It s best to know now if one ofthem is damaged or incomplete. Because the DVD that accompanies this book contains not only a fulledition of Fedora Core 3 (minus the source code; see Appendix B), butfiles for a number of other distributions, I don t recommend trying amedia check on this device. It will most likely fail even though the DVDis probably fine. 45Chapter 3: Installing Fedora Core07_
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a mouse, you can use the keyboard to navigate around the screens. In most places, the Tab key or the arrow keys advance you to thenext option; the space bar toggles options off and on; and the Enterkey accepts the choices and moves to the next screen. In mostscreens, if you want to change a previous setting, a Back button isavailable to navigate to earlier selection screens. The graphicalinstallation screens also include help in the left panel. The contentchanges to reflect information about the current configurationscreen. To install by using the graphical interface (which is whatmost people do), type linuxat the boot:prompt and press Enter. Install Or Upgrade In Text Mode:The second option enables youto install or upgrade Fedora Core using a text menu interface. Thisinterface presents the options in text menus, and you use thearrow keys or Tab key to move to the selection area. In some areas, the spacebar is used to turn options off and on. To install by usingthe text interface, type linux textat the boot:prompt and pressEnter. Use The Function Keys:The last item listed points out the functionkeys displayed at the bottom of the initial installation screen. The F1 function key presents the initial installation screen, whichallows you to install or upgrade via graphical mode, install orupgrade via text mode, or use the function keys labeled F2 through F5. Figure 3-2: The initialFedora Coreinstallationscreen. From FedoraCD-ROMs, this screenlooksslightlydifferentthan the oneyou see onthe DVD- ROMincludedwith thisbook. 44Part I:Getting Your Feet Wet
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After you ve created the installation boot disk, you need to configure, orverify, that your computer is set to boot from the floppy drive. The easiestway to do this is to insert a floppy disk into your main floppy drive, makesure that no other drives have media in the machine (such as a DVD in yourDVD-ROM drive), and then reboot your computer. If your computer bootsfrom the floppy, you re set. You can then pull out the floppy and reboot intoWindows or proceed to the section The Installation Process. If your computer seems to be ignoring the floppy drive as it boots, check inyour system s BIOS (see Chapter 2.) Make sure that the floppy is listed first. Then save your changes before exiting the BIOS; otherwise, the items you setdon t take effect. The Installation ProcessIn this chapter, I follow the graphical installation. If you can t use the graphi- cal installer for some reason (if Linux doesn t support your video card, forexample), follow the text-based installation instead. The steps are the same, it s just not as pretty, and you don t quite get all the options that you haveavailable in the point-and-click version. To install Fedora Core 3, follow these steps: 1.If you want to boot and install from the Fedora DVD-ROM that comeswith this book, place the DVD in your DVD-ROM drive and rebootyour system. Otherwise: Use CD 1 if you ordered or burned your own CD set, placing it intothe CD-ROM drive and rebooting the computer. Place the installation floppy disk (see the section Making a BootFloppy (if Needed) for details) in your floppy drive, put the DVDor CD 1 in your DVD-ROM or CD-ROM drive, and reboot yoursystem. Whether you start the installation from the floppy disk, CD-ROM, or theDVD-ROM, the first installation screen, shown in Figure 3-2,appears, though the screen for the DVD-ROM included with this book looks slightlydifferent than the one from the Fedora CD-ROM. No matter which versionyou re using, this screen contains several options, which are eachdescribed in the following list: Install Or Upgrade In Graphical Mode:The first option in thegraphical interface is for installing Fedora Core for the first time orfor upgrading an existing version of Linux. This installation probesto detect your system s hardware. The graphical interface isdesigned to work with a mouse to select options. If you don t have43Chapter 3: Installing Fedora Core07_
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9.Insert the DVD that comes with this book into the DVD drive andmake a note of the drive letter that corresponds to your DVD drive. If you re using the CD set, insert the first CD. 10.To create a boot disk, double-click the rawwritewin penguin icon inthe folder. The RawWrite window appears (see Figure 3-1). 11.Next to the Image File text box, click the … button to open the filebrowser. 12.Navigate to your DVD-ROM or CD-ROM drive, depending on whetheryou re using the DVD from the book or a CD set for installation. For many people, this is the D: drive. 13.Double-click the imagesfolder to enter it. 14.Select the file diskboot.imgand then click Open. The file browser dialog closes. 15.Insert a blank 1.44MB floppy disk into the floppy drive. 16.Click the Write button to start writing the image to the floppy disk. This process can take a few minutes. Once the image has been written, the Image Successfully Written dialogbox appears. 17.Click OK and then click the Exit button to close the program. Figure 3-1: TheRawWritedisk imagewriter. 42Part I:Getting Your Feet Wet
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Making a Boot Floppy (if Needed) If you re having trouble booting from the DVD or CD, you can start the instal- lation from a floppy disk. Because there is no boxed set for Fedora, however, you ll have to make this disk yourself. You can find the disk imagefile afancy way of referring to a snapshot of a floppy disk s contents on the DVDor first CD in the /imagesdirectory. You can t just copy this image onto thefloppy, however. You have to use a special program to make sure that everytiny part of the image is written over exactly correctly. Assuming that you reusing Windows right now, the program I use for this purpose is RAWRITE, which you can download from http://uranus.it.swin.edu.au/~jn/ linux/rawwrite.htm. To make a boot disk on a Windows system using Fedora Core 3 and the DVD(or CD) that came with this book, follow these steps (I focus on Windows XPhere, with notes for people using other versions of Windows): 1.Point your Web browser to http://uranus.it.swin.edu.au/~jn/ linux/rawwrite.htm. 2.Click the latest Binary release (at the time of this writing it s the firstlink on the page, rawwritewin-0.7.zip) to download it. 3.When asked what to do with this file, click Save. 4.When the Save As dialog appears, navigate to where you would like tosave the file and click Save to download the file. This is a small program, so even for dial-up users, it shouldn t take all day! 5.Once the program is saved on your machine, open your file browserand navigate to where you have saved it. If you used the defaults in Windows XP, it s in the My Documents My Downloads folder. 6.If you re using Windows XP or another version of Windows with aprogram like WinZip (http://www.winzip.com/) installed, double- click the rawwritewinfile to open the archive. If you don t have a program that can open this file, download WinZip andinstall it on your machine. You can then return to Step 6.7.If you re using WinZip, extract the files into the same folder or a newone and skip to Step 9. If you re using XP, click Extract All Files to theleft of the folder listing. This action opens the Extraction Wizard. 8.Follow through the brief wizard, telling it where to extract the files. When finished, you end up in a folder containing the extracted files. 41Chapter 3: Installing Fedora Core07_
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book, or from a third-party vendor such as those listed on the FedoraProject s vendors page at (http://fedora.redhat.com/download/ vendors.html). Booting with an installation floppy disk and having the remainder of theinstallation files read from the DVD-ROM or CD. To begin the installation from the DVD-ROM or CD-ROM, you must first changeyour system to start, or boot,from a DVD-ROM or CD-ROM. In Chapter 2, Icover how to configure a computer to boot from these devices. If you want or need to make the installation floppy disk and have access to aWindows system, perform the steps to create the installation floppy coveredin the next section, Making a Boot Floppy (if Needed). After the floppy creation section, the instructions in this chapter tell you howto follow the installation for Fedora Core 3. I concentrate on Fedora Core 3and its installation for two main reasons: Fedora Core 3 is included on the DVD with this book, and the CDs youcan order with your coupon. Covering the installation of every Linux distribution in existence wouldmake this book into a set of encyclopedias. I cover the Personal Desktop installation because it requires little or no harddrive preparation and doesn t use umpteen partitions like other installationsdo. In addition, the Personal Desktop installation option installs the fun point- and-click stuff that is commonly used on desktop and laptop systems. Serveror service-type applications, such as the Apache Web server and FTP server, aren t installed with the Personal Desktop option and aren t covered in anydetail in this book. However, if you want to use them, you can add these toyour Personal Desktop package selection later in the installation process. Please note that if you re installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux, a different ver- sion of Fedora Core, or a different distribution of Linux, your screens willlookdifferent from what is shown in this book (for Linspire, Mandrake, SuSE, andXandros, see Chapter 4). Each Linux distribution s installation routine coversthe same basic tasks, but each action may be presented in a different orderor be customized to look different on the screen. For example, one distribu- tion may present account creation before network configuration, and anothermay have these two topics reversed. With Fedora, up until you reach the About To Install (GUI install) screen, youcan back out of the installation without changing anything on your system. None of the configuration options you make before the About To Installscreen are saved to your disks. After you continue beyond the About ToInstall screen, data is written to disk, and your system is changed. 40Part I:Getting Your Feet Wet
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Chapter 3Installing Fedora CoreIn This Chapter Considering some last issues before installation Creating a Fedora installer boot disk Installing Fedora as a personal desktop Booting Fedora for the first timeDo, or do not. There is no try. Yoda, The Empire Strikes BackNo longer are arcane glyphs and complex sorcerer s spells required toinstall Linux. The graphical installation is now quite easy to performand will be familiar to users coming from another graphical operating system, such as Microsoft Windows. This chapter provides the details. If you re installing Linspire, Mandrake, SuSE or Xandros, proceed to Chap- ter 4 do the same if you want to use Knoppix without having to install any- thing. Even if you re not using Fedora, however, you can still find out plentyin this chapter, because all Linux distributions share common elements. Things to Consider Before You Begin InstallationYou can install Fedora Core by Booting with the DVD-ROM included in this book and, when you see theboot menu, typing linuxand pressing Enter. If, for some reason, youdon t see the boot menu, see Appendix B. Booting with the Fedora Core installation CD, which is CD number 1 ifyou ordered the CD set using the included coupons at the back of this07_
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