Don t Just Turn Off the Machine! Even when (Ftp web hosting)
Don t Just Turn Off the Machine! Even when you re not tapping the keyboard or clicking buttons, Linux is stillrunning along in the background and doing lots of housekeeping chores. Some of these chores may involve swapping cached datato and from thefixed disk a geeky way of saying that it s actually jotting down things ontoyour hard drive that before it had just been making sure to remember inRAM. When you shut off the power out of the blue, anything the computerwas remembering but hadn t written is lost, kind of like when you or I fallasleep before making a to-do list for the next day. If you re used to Windows 98, you need to recondition yourself from justshutting off the power when you re finished. For one thing, many Linux usersleave their computers on when they re not using them; they just log out oftheir accounts so that no one can mess with their stuff and shut off the moni- tor because monitors draw a lot of power. When you do decide to turn offyour Linux machine, for whatever reason, you must shut down the computerin an orderly manner. You can use one of these methods to shut down Linux properly: If you re in the GUI, log out of your account using the main menu s LogOut option and then click the display manager option that says, strangely enough, Shut Down. If you have a command prompt open, enter the haltcommand at theshell prompt (#) followed by the root password, and Linux shuts itselfdown and tells you when it s all right to turn off the machine. If you have a command prompt open, enter the rebootcommand, andLinux goes through the motions of shutting itself down and then immedi- ately reboots the machine. If you have a command prompt open, entering shutdown -f nowis themost traditionally accepted method. The shutdowncommand optionallyallows you to send messages to logged-in users and determine how longuntil the shutdown takes place. Another method is the poweroff com- mand, which is just an alias to the previously mentioned haltcommand. If you do accidentally cut the power to your Linux box, take heart; all is notlost. More often than not, you can reboot your computer and pick up whereyou left off. However, you may have to pay for your error by waiting during aquick file system check while the machine makes sure that nothing was dam- aged. This process is similar to the one in Windows, where, if you power offincorrectly, the operating system may need to scan its hard drives to makesure that everything is okay. 102Part I:Getting Your Feet Wet
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